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In most design codes, soils are classified as either sand or clay, and appropriate design equations are used to represent their behaviour. For example, the behaviour of sandy soils is expressed in terms of the soil’s relative density, whereas consistency limits are often used for clays. However, sand-clay…

It is estimated that about 88% of 104 million scrap tyres generated in Japan in 2006 were either reused or recycled. Because of this, attention has been paid on scrap tyres as new ground material, and recent researches have been moving towards this direction. One…